1, 2 These electrodes are commonly paired with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) to monitor real-time neurochemical fluctuations in freely moving animals. They are used to monitor rapid molecular fluctuations with high spatiotemporal resolution due to their low cost, ease of fabrication, and resistance to biofouling. Overall, the results establish EIS as a powerful method for characterization of carbon-fiber microelectrodes, providing unprecedented insight into how real-world factors affect the electrode/solution interface.Ĭarbon-fiber ultramicroelectrodes are an invaluable tool for neuroscience. Electrochemical conditioning, which occurs continually during fast-scan cyclic voltammetry recordings, etches and renews the carbon surface, mitigating these effects. A significant increase in impedance and decrease in capacitance occur during tissue exposure and persist following implantation. Finally, EIS measurements were used to investigate the electrode/solution interface prior to, during, and following implantation in live brain tissue. Investigations were performed to evaluate the utility of the models in providing feedback on how changes in ionic strength and carbon fiber material alter impedance properties. The models were validated based on the ability to assign individual circuit elements to physical properties of the electrochemical system. Equivalent circuit models for glass- and silica-insulated carbon-fiber microelectrodes were determined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In this work, we investigate the impact of individual components of the electrochemical system on impedance. We previously reported that electrode impedance directly impacts electrochemical performance for molecular sensing. This presents an analytical challenge, as electrode performance is difficult to quantitatively assess in situ, especially when electrodes are permanently implanted or cemented in place. However, performance is variable and dependent on fabrication strategies, the biological response to implantation, and the physical and chemical composition of the recording environment. Carbon-fiber microelectrodes are an instrumental tool in neuroscience, used for electroanalysis of neurochemical dynamics and recordings of neural activity.
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